Monday, April 29, 2013

The Oldest Profession


Discussions of the issues surrounding women in the workplace tend to center around a variety of different experiences and struggles of women in the working world. There’s the one who is ambitious, but stifled by the still too low-hanging glass ceiling. The one with the three kids who comes home after a long day in a cubicle only to work her “second shift” as a wife and mother. Then the woman who bags groceries all day under the eye of a flirty supervisor and then spends her nights cleaning offices to pay back a mountain of student loan debt; these are all stories we’ve heard before.

One sector of the working female population that doesn’t immediately come to mind when questions about women and work are posed are the women who perform the oldest job in history: prostitutes. While these ladies might not clock in and work a typical nine-to-five day, for millions of women, worldwide, the sex trade is where they earn a living.

A study published this year in the Journal of Sex Research found that for prostitutes, both male and female, the number one incentive to enter the “field” was the monetary benefits of the work. For most individuals who find themselves working in prostitution, other options for work are either non-existent or not ideal.

The truth about sex work is that it pays well, or at least better, compared to most other options. This was even truer for women, as the study reports, than it was for the men who participated who in general tended to have more alternative options for earning a living. The incentives of working in prostitution, this study shows, are for some people stronger than working a minimum wage job. Prostitution not only pays more, but it allows the individual more freedom. They set their own hours, don’t surrender a portion of their earnings to taxes, and in some cases they are their own boss.

Obviously, this is not meant to sound as glamorous and viable an option as it does. The “work” these women engage in is illegal and very high risk, but there is something to be said about what brings someone to it.

Jacquelyn Monroe of Ohio State University wrote in the Journal of Poverty that the money prostitutes make isn’t the only incentive to entering the field, but that many sex workers are forced into it by the socioeconomic inequity they experience before they start. Thirty million people in the United States earn less than $8.70 an hour, which if you’re a single parent isn’t enough to live on, not even uncomfortably. Monroe cites this fact, as well as the income gap, as the reason most women get into prostitution.

It is important to mention, however, that prostitution is not exclusive to women chasing a comfortable life and livable wage among an array of dead end minimum wage jobs. With the cost of college tuition in the United States has increased more rapidly over the last two decades than any other product or service available, some young women are turning to the lucrative world of sex work to pay down student loan debt. While prostitution is not a typical or common means of paying off debt, it is something that happens on many colleges nationwide. A 2011 study published in the academic journal Sex Roles found that nearly half of undergraduate interviewed noted that they new a fellow student who had engaged in sex work in order to pay off student loan debt.

Like the many attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions of sex workers that have stayed static over the years, the incentive of the earnings combined with the push of poverty remain the catalysts of the institution’s growth.


Above is a special released by National Geographic entitled, "Sex for Sale: American Escort". It discusses how prostitution in the United States has evolved with changing technology, the supply and demand of prostitution, and sex work as a trade in America. 

- Audrey Imes 




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